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Minoxidil was the first of the drugs approved for hair loss. Introduced in 1988 after the FDA gave its approval, Rogaine® has been an effective medication for hair loss for both men and women. The topical formulation is now available in 2% and 5% strengths, and has been over-the-counter since 1996. The treatment is a hair growth stimulator and works by activating potassium channels in follicular cells. VEGF and prostaglandin synthase expression is indicated. Numerous clinical studies have been done and reported for both hair growth and hair maintenance.
Finasteride, which is marketed under the name Propecia®, is the newest medication to be approved by the FDA for hair loss. Approved in 1997, it is a 5-alpha 2 reductase blocker and lowers DHT levels, which results in hair maintenance and may result in hair growth. Clinical studies show that a remarkable 90% of the study either gained or maintained their hair over five years compared to a placebo.
